![]() ![]() The Ramayana, attributed to Valmiki, has 24,000 verses.It is also called Jaisamhita and Satasahasri Samhita and has one lakh verses. The Mahabharata, attributed to Vyasa, is considered older than the Ramayana and describes the period from the tenth century BC to the fourth century AD.Though the two epics- the Mahabharata and the Ramayana- were compiled later, they reflect the state of affairs of the later vedic period.Ayurveda (deals with medicine) ( Upaveda of Rig veda).Shilpa veda (deals with architecture) ( Upaveda of Atharva veda).Gandharva veda (deals with art and music) (Upaveda of Sama veda).Dhanurveda (deals with art and warfare) (Upaveda of Yajur Veda).Uttara Mimansa : Badaryana or Vyasa ( wrote mahabharata, classified Vedas, composed the puranas, gave vedantic philosophy).These are given by 6 philosophers of Ancient India.There are 6 schools of indian philosophy known as Shad – Darshanas.Six vedangas are Shiksya, Kalpa, Vyakarana, Nirukta, Chhanda and Jyotisha.Main are manusmriti, naradsmriti, yagyavalkyasmriti.Explains rules and regulations in the Vedic life.They also condemn the ceremonies and the sacrifices.They are the main source of Indian philosophy.The word means ‘to sit down near someone’ and denotes a student sitting near his guru to learn.Opposed to sacrifice and emphasize ‘meditation’. Called ‘forest books’, written mainly by the hermits living in the jungles for their pupils. ![]() Each veda has several Brahmanas attached to it.They explain the hymns of the vedas in an orthodox manner.Divided into 20 kadas (books) and has 711 hymns- mostly dealing with magic (along with personal problems of people).Deals with the procedure for the performance of sacrifices.It has 1603 verses but except 99 all the rest have been borrowed from Rig Veda.Derived from the root ‘ Saman’, i.e, ‘ melody’.The third mandala contains the Gayatri mantra (addressed to sun).The X mandala contains the famous Purushsukta which explains that the 4 varnas ( Brahmans, kshatriya, vaishya and shudra) were born from the mouth, arms, thighs and feet of the creator, Brahma.Contains 1028 hymns (1017+11 valakhilyas) and is divided into 10 mandalas.Were recited at the time of sacrificial rites and other rituals with utmost devotion. ![]()
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